PHP中发送邮件的几种方法总结
1. 使用 mail() 函数
没什么好讲的，就是使用系统自带的smtp系统来发送，一般是使用sendmail来发。这个按照各个系统不同而定。使用参考手册。
2. 使用管道的形式
昨天刚测试成功，使用本地的qmail来发送邮件。
/* 使用qmail发送邮件函数 */
function send_check_mail($email, $subject,$uid,$buffer)
{
$command = "/var/qmail/bin/qmail-inject ".$email; //qmail程序地址,$email是要发送的地址
$handle = popen($command, "w"); //打开管道
if (!$handle) {
return false;
}
$from = "[email protected]"; //发件人
fwrite($handle, "From: ".$from."\n"); //往管道写数据
fwrite($handle, "Return-Path: ".$from."\n");
fwrite($handle, "To: ".$uid."\n");
fwrite($handle, "Subject: ".$subject."\n");
fwrite($handle, "Mime-Version: 1.0\n");
fwrite($handle, "Content-Type: text/html; charset=\"gb2312\"\n\n");
fwrite($handle, $buffer."\n");
pclose($handle); //关闭管道
return true;
}
------------------测试发送邮件：
//发送邮件
$subject = "测试邮件";
$uid = $_POST['uid']; //from信息
$content = "<html><body>".$u_email
." 您好！<br><br>谢谢，本邮件测试！<br</body></html>"; //内容信息
$u_email = "[email protected]"; //发送到的邮箱
if (send_check_mail($u_email, $subject, $uid, $content)) {
echo "恭喜！发送投票邮件到您的邮箱！<br><br>请检查您的邮箱：<font color=#CC0033>".$u_email." </font><br><br>". $close;
} else {
echo "很不幸，发送投票邮件到您的邮箱失败，请重试或者联系开发人员。<br><br>". $close;
}
当然，也可以使用相同的方法来处理sendmail的进程来发送邮件。
下面代码示例：
<?php
$pp = popen("/usr/sbin/sendmail -t", "w") or die("Cannot fork sendmail");
fputs($pp, "To: [email protected]\r\n");
fputs($pp, "Reply-to: $senders_email\r\n");
fputs($pp, "From: $senders_email\r\n");
fputs($pp, "Subject The Results of your form\r\n\r\n");
fputs($pp, "$senders_email sent the fllowing comments:\r\n");
fputs($pp, $comments);
pclose($pp) or die("Cannot close pipe to sendmail");
?>
其实这种管道的方法比较底层，取决于你所调用程序的稳定性。所以是一种可选的发送邮件的方式。
3. 使用phpmailer类
是一个开源的发送邮件类，主站：http://phpmailer.sourceforge.net
里面是两个文件，一个是class.smtp.php，还有以个是class.phpmailer.php
另外加上官方网站的使用方法：
Examples using phpmailer
1. Advanced Example
This demonstrates sending out multiple email messages with binary attachments from a MySQL database with multipart/alternative support.
require("class.phpmailer.php");
$mail = new phpmailer();
$mail->From = "[email protected]";
$mail->FromName = "List manager";
$mail->Host = "smtp1.example.com;smtp2.example.com";
$mail->Mailer = "smtp";
@MYSQL_CONNECT("localhost","root","password");
@mysql_select_db("my_company");
$query?=?SELECT full_name, email,爌hoto燜ROM employee燱HERE爄d=$id";
$result?燖MYSQL_QUERY($query);
while ($row = mysql_fetch_array ($result))
{
// HTML body
$body = "Hello <font size=\"4\">" . $row["full_name"] . "</font>, <p>";
$body .= "<i>Your</i> personal photograph to this message.<p>";
$body .= "Sincerely, <br>";
$body .= "phpmailer List manager";
// Plain text body (for mail clients that cannot read HTML)
$text_body = "Hello " . $row["full_name"] . ", \n\n";
$text_body .= "Your personal photograph to this message.\n\n";
$text_body .= "Sincerely, \n";
$text_body .= "phpmailer List manager";
$mail->Body = $body;
$mail->AltBody = $text_body;
$mail->AddAddress($row["email"], $row["full_name"]);
$mail->AddStringAttachment($row["photo"], "YourPhoto.jpg");
if(!$mail->Send())
echo "There has been a mail error sending to " . $row["email"] . "<br>";
// Clear all addresses and attachments for next loop
$mail->ClearAddresses();
$mail->ClearAttachments();
}
2. Extending phpmailer
Extending classes with inheritance is one of the most powerful features of object-oriented programming. It allows you to make changes to the original class for your own personal use without hacking the original classes. Plus, it is very easy to do. I've provided an example:
Here's a class that extends the phpmailer class and sets the defaults for the particular site:
PHP include file: mail.inc.php
require("class.phpmailer.php");
class my_phpmailer extends phpmailer {
// Set default variables for all new objects
var $From = "[email protected]";
var $FromName = "Mailer";
var $Host = "smtp1.example.com;smtp2.example.com";
var $Mailer = "smtp"; // Alternative to IsSMTP()
var $WordWrap = 75;
// Replace the default error_handler
function error_handler($msg) {
print("My Site Error");
print("Description:");
printf("%s", $msg);
exit;
}
// Create an additional function
function do_something($something) {
// Place your new code here
}
}
Now here's a normal PHP page in the site, which will have all the defaults set above:
Normal PHP file: mail_test.php
require("mail.inc.php");
// Instantiate your new class
$mail = new my_phpmailer;
// Now you only need to add the necessary stuff
$mail->AddAddress("[email protected]", "Josh Adams");
$mail->Subject = "Here is the subject";
$mail->Body = "This is the message body";
$mail->AddAttachment("c:/temp/11-10-00.zip", "new_name.zip"); // optional name
if(!$mail->Send())
{
echo "There was an error sending the message";
exit;
}
echo "Message was sent successfully";
4. 使用PEAR::Net_SMTP组件
PEAR真是个好东西，可能很多人都不怎么用，至少我现在使用它的DB类，发送邮件类都不错。
需要Net_SMTP类，可以去 http://pear.php.net 下载，Net_SMTP类的使用手册：
http://pear.php.net/manual/en/package.networking.net-smtp.php
我使用上面几个类，这个是最好的，不管是速度还是别的，不过操作涉及到一些简单的smtp协议。
我的使用代码：
//------------------------------------------
require_once 'Net/SMTP.php'; //加载类库
$subject = "测试邮件";
$uid = $_POST['uid']; //from信息
$content = "<html><body>".$u_email
." 您好！<br><br>谢谢，本邮件测试！<br</body></html>"; //内容信息
$u_email = "[email protected]"; //发送到的邮箱
$smtp = new Net_SMTP('192.168.0.1'); //smtp服务器
$smtp->connect(); //连接服务器
$smtp->helo('unixsky.net'); //发送HELO信息给服务器
$smtp->mailFrom('[email protected]'); //发件人地址
$smtp->rcptTo($u_email); //收件人地址
$date = date('r'); //获取发信日期
$smtp->data("Date: $date\r\nFrom: [email protected]\r\nTo: $u_email\r\nSubject: $subject\r\nContent-Type: text/html; charset=\"gb2312\"\r\n\r\n$content\r\n"); //添加发送数据并且发送
$smtp->disconnect(); //关闭连接
5. 其他方法
比如使用socket，自己写程序。
PEAR::Mail类跟上面的不一样，我没使过，可以尝试一下。
其他方法。。。
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