oracle数据库rman备份计划及恢复

1.rman完全恢复的前提条件：历史的datafile,controlfile和spfile备份，加上完整的archivelog和完好的redolog。
2.rman备份脚本：
　　a.RMAN 0级备份命令:

 

 

run{   

allocate channel c1 type disk;   

allocate channel c2 type disk;   

allocate channel c3 type disk;   

backup incremental level 0 tag  'level0'  format "E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\RFDB_level_0_%u_%s_%p"  as compressed backupset

database;   

sql "alter system archive log current";   

backup filesperset 3 format "E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\arch_%u_%s_%p_%c"   

archivelog all delete input; #备份归档可选，可以单独定期备份   

release channel c1;   

release channel c2;   

release channel c3;   

}  

 

 

　　b.RMAN 1级备份命令:

 

run{   

allocate channel c1 type disk;   

allocate channel c2 type disk;   

allocate channel c3 type disk;   

backup incremental level 1 tag  'level1' format 'E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\RFDB_level_1_%u_%s_%p'   as compressed backupset

database;   

sql 'alter system archive log current';   

backup filesperset 3 format 'E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\arch_%u_%s_%p'   

archivelog all delete input; #备份归档可选，可以单独定期备份   

release channel c1;   

release channel c2;   

release channel c3;   

}  

 

 

 

　　c.rman删除备份命令（在保留最近一天备份的情况下，删除其他备份）:

 

DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE RECOVERY WINDOW OF 1 DAYS;   

 

　　d.操作系统层面运行rman备份或删除命令(windows/linux)：

rman target sys/rf4rfvbgt56yhn@rfdb nocatalog CMDFILE 'D:\app\rman\rman_file\level_0.txt' log=E:\recovery_area\rfdb\rfdb\AUTOBACKUP\rman_dir\log\rman_level_0.log

 

 

 

export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db1

export ORACLE_SID=atest

export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

 

rman target sys/123456@atest nocatalog CMDFILE '/u01/rman/rman.sh' log=/u01/rman/rman.log

 

 

 

 

 

 

00 02 * * 1  bash /u01/rman_file/run_rman_0.sh

 

00 02 * * 3  bash /u01/rman_file/run_rman_0.sh

 

00 02 * * 5  bash /u01/rman_file/run_rman_0.sh

 

00 04 * * *  bash /u01/rman_file/run_delete.sh

 

34 11 * * *  bash /u01/rman_file/run_rman_0.sh

 

 

  　　e.rman参数设置：

 

RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

RMAN> CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK;

RMAN> CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE disk TO 2;

RMAN> CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE disk TO 2;

 

3.rman恢复 a.拷贝datafile,controlfile和spfile的rman备份，以及完整的archivelog和完好的redolog文件到新的数据库。 b.切换至oracle用户，进入rman（先设置sid）：

 

export ORACLE_SID=rfdb

rlwrap  rman target /

 

c.启动一个伪实例：

 

 

RMAN> startup nomount

 

connected to target database (not started)

startup failed: ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters

LRM-00109: could not open parameter file '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db1/dbs/initrfdb.ora'

 

starting Oracle instance without parameter file for retrieval of spfile

Oracle instance started

 

Total System Global Area    1068937216 bytes

 

Fixed Size                     2260088 bytes

Variable Size                281019272 bytes

Database Buffers             780140544 bytes

Redo Buffers                   5517312 bytes